Hierve el Agua
At the heart of Oaxaca’s high valley, mineral‑laden springs have built towering travertine terraces that spill like frozen waterfalls. Hierve el Agua, located about 70 km east of Oaxaca City in the municipality of San Lorenzo Albarradas, is this striking natural formation in Mexico. The name, meaning “the water boils,” refers to the bubbling appearance of the spring water as it emerges.
Two sheer rock shelves rise between fifty and ninety metres above the valley floor, their white limestone edges dripping with mineral deposits. Fresh water springs, saturated with calcium carbonate, flow over the cliffs; as the water spreads, the excess minerals precipitate, creating the cascade‑like structures in the same way stalactites grow in caves.
On the lower shelf, known locally as the cascada chica or Amphitheatre, visitors find two large artificial pools carved into the rock and a collection of smaller natural basins. One of the artificial pools sits only a few metres from the cliff edge, offering a view of the sheer drop while swimmers wade in the cool spring water. Because the mineral deposits have solidified the falling water into stone, the site presents a waterfall that can be walked beneath and even swum in.
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Hierve el Agua and Pueblo Zapoteca

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