The central plateau, known as the Altiplano, dominates much of the country's interior and hosts major cities including Mexico City, Guadalajara, and San Miguel de Allende. This high-altitude region is flanked by two major mountain ranges: the Sierra Madre Occidental to the west and the Sierra Madre Oriental to the east.
The Yucatan Peninsula in the southeast features relatively flat terrain with limestone formations, underground rivers, and the famous cenotes (natural sinkholes) that create unique swimming and diving opportunities. The Pacific coast offers dramatic cliffs and secluded bays, particularly in regions like Puerto Vallarta and Oaxaca's coast.
The Baja California Peninsula presents a striking contrast with its desert landscapes, rugged mountains, and the rich marine environment of the Sea of Cortez, often called the "Aquarium of the World" for its extraordinary biodiversity.
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