With over 51 million people as of 2025, Uganda ranks among Africa's top ten most populous countries. The population is concentrated in the southern half of the country, with Kampala and surrounding areas being particularly dense.
Uganda is extraordinarily young. The median age is approximately 17 years, and about half the population is under 15. This demographic reality shapes the country's economy, infrastructure needs, and development priorities.
The country contains over 50 ethnic groups speaking different languages. The Baganda, primarily around Kampala and central Uganda, are the largest group. Other major groups include the Banyankole, Basoga, Bakiga, Iteso, Langi, Acholi, and many others. This diversity contributes to rich cultural traditions but has also shaped the country's political history.
The majority of Ugandans are Christian (approximately 85%), with the largest denominations being Roman Catholic and Anglican. Muslims comprise about 14% of the population, and traditional beliefs persist alongside formal religions.
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