What is Tanzania's Population and Ethnic Makeup?

Unlike many African countries, Tanzania has avoided ethnic conflict, fostered by first president Julius Nyerere's nation-building policies. The promotion of Swahili as a national language and deliberate downplaying of ethnic divisions created a strong national identity.

Major ethnic groups include the Sukuma (the largest), Chagga, Haya, and Nyamwezi on the mainland. The Maasai, though representing a small percentage of the population, are perhaps the most recognizable internationally with their distinctive dress and pastoral traditions.

Zanzibar has a distinct cultural identity, blending African, Arab, Indian, and Persian influences from centuries of trade. Stone Town's architecture and traditions reflect this cosmopolitan heritage.

Visitors often have opportunities to visit Maasai villages near the northern parks or cultural tourism programs that provide insights into traditional lifestyles.