What is Laos's Population and Ethnic Makeup?

The ethnic Lao, also called Lowland Lao, comprise about half the population and dominate economically and politically. They traditionally live in the Mekong River valley lowlands and share close cultural and linguistic ties with the Thai people across the border.

The remaining population consists of numerous ethnic minority groups, including the Khmu, Hmong, and various Sino-Tibetan peoples. Many of these groups maintain distinct languages, customs, and traditional dress, particularly in the mountainous northern regions.

This diversity is one of Laos's cultural treasures. Visiting highland villages, experiencing traditional textiles and crafts, and learning about different ethnic traditions are highlights for many travelers.